The degree to which these townships are functioning governmental entities varies from state to state and in some cases even within a state. In the Upper Midwestern states near the Great Lakes, civil townships (known in Michigan as general law townships ) are often, but not always, overlaid on the survey townships. In the state of Kansas some civil townships provide services such as Road Maintenance and Fire Protection Services not provided by the county. Madison Township Hall in Madison Township, Richland County, Ohioĭepending on the state, the township government has varying degrees of authority. In some cases townships run local libraries, senior citizen services, youth services, disabled citizen services, emergency assistance, and even cemetery services. In the 20th century many townships also added a township administrator or supervisor to the officers as an executive for the board. Township officers frequently include justice of the peace, road commissioner, assessor, constable, and surveyor. Township functions are generally attended to by a governing board (the name varies from state to state) and a clerk or trustee. Census Bureau classifies civil townships as minor civil divisions. ![]() Civil townships are distinct from survey townships, but in states that have both, the boundaries often coincide, and may completely geographically subdivide a county. Specific responsibilities and the degree of autonomy vary based on each state. The term town is used in New England, New York and Wisconsin to refer to the equivalent of the civil township in these states. A civil township is a widely used unit of local government in the United States, subordinate to a county.
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